Eschweilera cyathiformis S.A.Mori
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Family
Lecythidaceae (Magnoliophyta)
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Scientific Name
Eschweilera cyathiformis S.A.Mori
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Primary Citation
Bol. Mus. Paraense "Emilio Goeldi," N.S., Bot. 5(1): 20. 1989
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Type Specimens
Specimen 1: Isotype -- G. T. Prance 2665
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Description
Author: Scott A. Mori & Nathan P. Smith
Type: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus-Itacoatiara Hwy., km 135, 17 Oct 1966 (fl), Prance et al. 2665 (holotype, INPA; isotype, NY).
Description: Canopy trees, to 35-40 m, unbuttressed. Bark nearly smooth but with conspicuous vertically oriented cracks and lines of Ienticels, the outer bark 1-5 mm thick. the inner bark 5-12 mm thick. red. Leaves: petioles 12-20 mm long; blades usually elliptic, 7-11 x 2.5-5 cm, glabrous, coriaceous, smooth and shiny adaxially, dull abaxially, the base obtuse to rounded, the margins entire, with scars left by caducous hairs, the apex acute to bluntly acuminate; midrib only salient adaxially; venation brochidodromous, all orders of venation salient abaxially, only midrib salient adaxially, the secondary veins in 8-12 pairs. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, of simple racemes, the rachis 3-6 cm long, straight, glabrous, drying black, without lenticels, the pedicel bases remaining as short knobs ca. 0.5 mm long after flowers fall; pedicels 12-18 mm long above articulation, subtended by persistent bract and two persistent bracteoles, the bracts and bracteoles congested, glabrous, oblong, 5-8 mm long. Flowers when leaves present, 2.5-3 cm diam.; hypanthium glabrous, gradually tapered into pedicel; calyx-lobes 6, very widely ovate, 4-5.5 x 4-5 mm, ascending, not or scarcely imbricate, slightly convex abaxially, slightly concave adaxially; petals 6, 17-22 x 14-16 mm, white or yellow; androecium zygomorphic; staminal ring asymmetric, extending up ligule, with 290-350 stamens, the filaments clavate; ligule well developed, differentiated into appendage-free ligular area and hood, the hood 13 x 15 mm, yellow, with a double coil; ovary 2 locular, with 6-10 ovules attached to basal placenta, the summit umbonate, the style obconical, ca. 1.5 mm long. Fruits turbinate, 2-5 (excluding pedicel and operculum) x 2-4 cm, the infracalycine zone tapered into woody pedicel, asymmetric at base, the calycine ring inserted near apex, the supracalycine zone erect or slightly inclined inward, calyx often persisting as woody, triangular lobes, the pericarp 6-9 mm thick; operculum convex, without umbo. Seeds (based on unvouchered tree number 6795. Km 41) oblong, ca. 3.5 cm long; aril lateral.
Common names: No common names recorded.
Distribution: Known only from Amazonia in the vicinity of Manaus.
Ecology: A canopy tree of nonflooded forest.
Phenology: It flowers in Sep and Oct.
Pollination: No observations recorded.
Dispersal: No observations recorded.
Predation: No observations recorded.
Field characters: No observations recorded.
Taxonomic notes: This species was placed in Eschweilera Section Bracteosa S. A. Mori (see Mori in Mori & Prance, 1990.). Recent morphological and molectular studies place E. cyathiformis in a clade (Eschweilera sensu stricto clade) that comprise ca. 50 species of the genus.
Uses: No uses recorded.
Etymology: -
Conservation: IUCN Red List: Lower Risk/conservation dependent, ver 2.3 (World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Eschweilera cyathiformis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 14 February 2012.).
Source: This species page is based on Mori and Lepsch-Cunha 1995.
Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Carol A. Gracie for allowing us to use her images to illustrate the characters of this species.
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Floras and Monographs
Eschweilera cyathiformis S.A.Mori: [Article] Mori, S. A. & Prance, Ghillean T. 1990. Lecythidaceae - Part II: The zygomorphic-flowered New World genera (Couroupita, Corythophora, Bertholletia, Couratari, Eschweilera, & Lecythis). With a study of secondary xylem of Neotropical Lecythidaceae by Carl de Zeeuw. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1-376.
Eschweilera cyathiformis S.A.Mori: [Article] Mori, S. A. & Lepsch da Cunha, Nadia M. 1995. The Lecythidaceae of a central Amazonian moist forest. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 75: 1-55.
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Narratives
