Croton

• Region

  South America

• Country

  Brazil

• State/Province

  Maranhão

• County/Municipio

  Lorêto Mun.

• Locality

  "Ilha das Balsas" region, between the Rios Balsas and Parnaíba. Fazenda "Morros": ca. 6km north of main house, or ca. 30 km. south of Lorêto. "Baixao do Cipó", along brook called "Grota das Coivarinhas"

• Elevation

  Alt. 300 m. (984 ft.)

• Coordinates

  -7.33, -45.07

• Distribution

  Map all specimens of this taxon

PLORA OR BRAZIL
STATE OF MA^ANHÄO
Distributed by the Instituto de Botánica, Sao Paulo
Mtmicipio de Loreto: “Hha de Balsas” region, between the Rios
Balsas and Pamalba. Fazenda “Merros”: ca. 6 km. north of main
house, or ca. 30 km. south of LORETO. “Eaixao do Cip6”, along
brook called “Grota das CoivarinhaC- 7°20’S., 45°4’W. Alt. ca. 300 m.
Main vegetation types of region: (1) “chajpada", a semi-closed tree woodland (or
“cerrad&o’y on Hat tops <fe steep sides of plateaus,	hilly	and on
some areas of rolling or flat dry land; (2) “tabuleiro”, a semi-closed, woodland,
or “cerrad&o”, of different physiognomy & species composition, on tops of hilly
or gently roUing land; (3) “mata”, a closed tropical forest of many tree species,
usually with paloA, In flat stream valleys and in or alongside of brook ravines &
courses; (4) “caatinga”, a semi-open forest of few forest tree species on low
moist flat land and in narrow valleys between “tabuleiro”-covered hills; (5) “var-
j&o”, low moist flat land with scattered forest trees of one or a few species;
(6) “cocal”, thick groves of babagu palm on flat river plain of Rio Pamalba and
some of its tributary streams^4$JIttregetatlon types completely deciduous during
dry season. All brooks intermittent: Annual ground fires and cattle grazing in
- all areas. Part of “tabuleiro” cut over, forming treeless grassy areas; most
“mata” and much “caatinga” & “varjao" cultivated or abandoned, forming dense
secondary vegetation of low trees & tall shrubs (“capoeira”); some areas of
“chapada” with dense secondary vegetation (“carrasco”). Upland soils grayish,
tan, or light reddish brown silt or silty clay, very stony on slopes; lowland soils
mostly reddish brdwn to black silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam, without
stones. Country rock horizontal light brown sandstone, exposed only on tops
of morros and on cliffs along the Bio Pamalba.
This habitat: “caatinga” forest on flat land. Trees 20-25 m. tall,
“angico”, “aroeira”, “pau d’arco”, etc. Trunks 1-8 dm. d. b. h.
60-70% tree crown cover along brook, less further from brook.
Shrubs to 3 m. tall, mostly Baultima sp. & Mimosa sp. Ground cover
of herbs & grasses. Soil dark brown silty loam.	30 April 1962
Herb with woody base» ca. 1 m. tall; In seed«
leg. George Eiten and Liene T. Eiten, no. 4475
C'lrÉrH' Sp.
Determined by Grady L. Webster
00870707
"NEW Yo/*-
BOTANJCAL
Garden
00870707