Calliandra trinervia var. trinervia

  • Title

    Calliandra trinervia var. trinervia

  • Author(s)

    Rupert C. Barneby

  • Scientific Name

    Calliandra trinervia Benth. var. trinervia

  • Description

    68a.  Calliandra trinervia Benth. var. trinervia.  C. trinervia Bentham, 1844, l.c., sens. str. — "On the Rio Negro, North Brazil, [Riedel, commun.] Langsdorff." — Holotypus, dated and numbered "1838 [year of acquistion from LE, not of collection], No. 20," K (hb. Benth.)! = NY Neg. 1949!; presumed isotypus, Riedel s.n., collected at Barra [do Rio Negro = Manáus], Oct 1828 (fl, fr), NY!. — Feuilleea trinervia O. Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 189. 1891.

    C. trinervis var. parvifolia Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. 5: 379. 1909. "[Pará:] rio Mapuera, acima do Castanhal [±0°10'S, 58°10'W], 7 XII. 07 ([A Ducke] 9064)." — Holotypus, MG = F 602347, photo + clastotypus (lf, capitulum)!.

    C. rotundifolia Killip & Macbride in Macbride, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13 (Fl. Peru), 3(1): 73. 1943. — "[Peru.] Loreto: Mishuyacu, Klug 421." — Holotypus, US!; isotypus, NY!.

    Seldom more than 10 m tall, commonly glabrous except for puberulent corolla-tube, the lf-axes rarely puberulent with incurved hairs <0.4 mm. Stipules usually deltate 1.5-4 x 1-3.5 mm, locally (in s.-e. Colombia and adj. Venezuela) lanceolate 3-6 x 1-2 mm. Petioles (0.3-)0.5-4(-4.7) cm; lfts 2-3(-4) per pinna, the distal pair mostly (5.5—)7—16 x 3-7 cm; PERIPHERAL FLS: calyx glabrous or exceptionally puberulent, campanulate to cylindric, 0.8-3.7(-4) x 0.6-1.4(-l.8) mm, 1.5-3.5(4) times as long as diam, the teeth not more than 0.4 mm; corolla (5—)6—11 (-12.5) mm; androecium 12-28(-32)-merous, 26-52 mm, the tube (5—)6—14(—18) mm. Pod of the species.

    In lowland rain forest, often riparian, sometimes entering the understory, and in igapó woodland, 80-1100(—1300) m, interruptedly widespread over and almost confined to the n.-w. half of the Amazon basin, from the upper Putumayo, Caquetá, and Apoporis Valleys in Colombia e. to w. Para in Brazil, s. along the Andean foothills to the Bopi Valley in Bolivia; one record from French Guiana (Bas-Camopi), and one from the headwaters of the Orinoco in T.F. Amazonas, Venezuela. — Map 31. — Flowering intermittently throughout the year, the rhythm of anthesis of particular populations not known.

    Variation in length and in length proportionate to diameter of the calyx, from the short-campanulate extreme in the typus of C. trinervia to the tubular extreme exemplified by Schultes & Cabrera 12787 (NY), is continuous, and the variety could be further divided only arbitrarily by application of this criterion. I have found no reliable correlation between features of the calyx and indumentum, though the populations in central Amazonia are more frequently glabrous and have on the average shorter calyces than those further west. Over most of the variety’s range the stipules are obtusely deltate and not more than 3 mm long, but occasional collections from Colombia, not otherwise different, have the lanceolate stipules characteristic of var. pilosifolia. Variation in length of peripheral corollas and androecia appears random. From available samples the pod seems to be narrower in central Amazonia than in Amazonian Ecuador and Peru. Most collections from western Amazonia here referred to var. trinervia or var. paniculans have been misidentified as C. carbonaria. Calliandra rotundifolia Killip & Macbride, which I confidently reduce to var. trinervia, was perceived by its authors as distinct from Peruvian var. paniculans, but was not directly compared with genuine C. trinervia, a species inexactly characterized in Flora of Peru.