Betulaceae
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Authority
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.
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Family
Betulaceae
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Scientific Name
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Description
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Family Description - Fls tiny, inconspicuous, unisexual (the plants monoecious), in unisexual catkins of rather different appearance, the male pendulous and more or less elongate, with a flexuous axis, the female pendulous or erect, shorter, firm, often woody; each bract of the catkin subtending 1–3 fls; cal of 1–6 minute, scale-like sep, or obsolete; pet none; stamens commonly as many as and opposite the sep, or (when the sep are obsolete) sometimes to as many as 18; filaments very short, distinct or basally connate; anthers often deeply divided from the summit so that the pollen sacs are ± distinct; ovary inferior or nude, bicarpellate, with 2 styles, bilocular below, unilocular above, with 1–2 pendulous, anatropous ovules in each locule; fr a nut or more commonly a 2-winged samara, without a basal cupule, but sometimes with a foliaceous hull derived from 2 or 3 involucral bracts; seed solitary, with a large, dicotyledonous embryo and little or no endosperm; anemophilous trees or shrubs with alternate, simple, pinnately straight-veined, usually toothed lvs and deciduous stipules. 6/120.
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Common Names
The birch family