Agrimonia incisa Torr. & A.Gray

  • Authority

    Kline, Genevieve J. & Sørensen, Paul D. 2008. A revision of (Rosaceae) in North and Central America.

  • Family

    Rosaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Agrimonia incisa Torr. & A.Gray

  • Description

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    Species Description - Herbaceous perennial 8-11 dm. Roots fibrous and with slender fusiform tubers. Stem with sessile, glistening glandular hairs, pubescent to villous, sometimes nearly lanate, and hirsute, the stiff hairs scattered, erect, 2- 4 mm. Stipules half-ovate, deeply incised along entire margin; the largest 0.6-2.8 x 0.4-1.3 cm. Major leaflets 3-15 (mid-cauline 9-11), blades obovate to elliptic, the apex rounded to acute; abaxial leaflet surface with sessile, glistening glandular hairs, pubescent to villous and hirsute, the stiff hairs scattered, 1-3 mm long, the non-glandular hairs disposed most densely along the major veins; terminal leaflets the largest, the largest of these 2.3-4.1 x 1-1.7 cm. Minor leaflets one to three pair between each major leaflet pair. Inflorescence rachis with sessile, glistening glandular hairs, pubescent to villous and, at least below, hirsute, the stiff hairs sparse, erect, 1-2 mm. Flowers numbering to 50 on each raceme, alternate along the rachis; sepals 1.9-2.5 x 0.7-1 mm, apex acute; petals 2-4.7 x 1-1.6 mm. Mature fruiting hypanthium hemispherical to broadly turbinate to turbinate, shallowly sulcate, with hooked bristles in 3-4 circumferential rows, the lowermost reflexed; hypanthium surface with sessile, glistening glandular hairs, often obscuring the surface. Mature reflexed fruit with hypanthia 1.5-2.7 x 1.8-3.3 mm.

  • Discussion

    Phenology. Flowering from late July to November.

    Selected specimens examined. UNITED STATES. ALABAMA: Covington Co., Conecuh National Forest at Open Pond Recreation Area, 3 Oct 1987, Diamond 3684 (AUA). FLORIDA: Hillsborough Co., Tampa Bay, 1834, Dr Burrows s.n. (NY); Duval Co., near Jacksonville, 17 Aug 1896, Curtiss 5753 (F, ILL, K, LL, NYS, UC, US, Z). GEORGIA: Grady Co., 7 miles SE of Whigham at Tired Creek P. B. Church, 4 Sep 1964, Faircloth 1539 (GA); without precise locality, [about 1830], Leconte s.n. (NY). LOUISIANA: Washington Parish, N of LA 438, 1 mile W of Angie Fire Tower W of Angie, Sect. 14, TIS, R13E, 14 Jun 1983, Thomas 84222 (NLU). MIssissIPPI: Perry Co., Camp Shelby Training Area 51, SW of jct. of De Soto National Forest Rd. 342 and Rd. 3500 (S. Tank Trail), 3 Oct 1996, Kline & Leonard 350A (DEK). MISSOURI: St. Louis Co., St. Louis, [1831-35], Drummond s.n. (K). SOUTH CAROLINA: Georgetown Co., Santee Canal, [before 1838], Leconte s.n. (NY); Colleton Co., E side of Combahee River near Field's Point Landing, about 12 miles S of US 17 off SC 162, 15 Nov 1996, Nelson & Pittman 17891 (USCH). TEXAS: Jasper Co., Angelina National Forest, Compartment 85, 10 Sep 1995, MacRoberts & MacRoberts 2897 (LSUS)

    After examining the four specimens [Ala- bama, Dr Gates (NY); Florida, Tampa Bay, Dr Burrows (NY); Georgia, Le Conte (NY); South Carolina, Santee River, Le Conte (NY)] cited by Torrey & Gray (1840), we picked the best and most complete specimen as the lectotype [Alabama, Dr Gates (NY )

    This species is distinguished by mid-cauline leaves with 9-11 obovate to narrowly elliptic, dentately incised major leaflets usually 4 cm or less long on mid-cauline leaves (see Fig. 1), flowers mostly alternate along the inflores- cence raceme, mature fruiting hypanthium with sessile, glistening glandular hairs, and tuberous roots. Although A. incisa and A. microcarpa may occur together and both most frequently have obovate major leaflets, A. microcarpa has 5-7 mid-cauline major leaflets, which are larger than those of A. incisa, with merely one pair of minor leaflets between.

  • Distribution

    Agrimonia incisa occurs within the southeastern coastal plain region of the United States and in Missouri (Fig. 2) along the margins of or within open deciduous, mixed, or pine woods to 200 m elevation. Populations of A. incisa are infrequent and its habitat limited; however, it is usually locally abundant where it occurs. Agrimonia incisa is listed as endangered in Florida on the United States Department of Agriculture Plants Database (2006)

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