Virola carinata (Benth.) Warb.

  • Authority

    Smith, Albert C. & Wodehouse, R. P. 1938. The American species of Myristicaceae. Brittonia. 2: 393-527. f. 1-9.

  • Family

    Myristicaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Virola carinata (Spruce ex Benth.) Warb.

  • Description

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    Species Description - Medium sized tree, up to 18 m. high; branchlets when young tomentellous (hairs few-branched, less than 0.5 mm. long) or puberulent, soon glabrescent and nigrescent; petioles deeply canaliculate, puberulent or glabrous, 1-3 mm. in diameter, 3-10 mm. long; leaf blades coriaceous or thin coriaceous, narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong or obovate-oblong, 9-22 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. broad (rarely to 6 cm.), rounded or obtuse or subacute at base, obtuse or acute or cuspidate at apex, sparsely pale puberulent beneath (hairs sessile-stellate, 4-6- branched, 0.1-0.2 mm. in diameter), soon glabrescent, the costa shallowly grooved above, prominent beneath, the secondary nerves 15-28 per side, slightly impressed above, raised beneath, the veinlets shallowly impressed or obscure; staminate inflorescences broadly paniculate, freely branched, many-flowered, 4-14 cm. long and nearly as broad, the peduncle up to 4 cm. long, with the branchlets and flowers minutely puberulent (hairs pale, sessile-stellate, few-branched, 0.1-0.2 mm. in diameter), glabrescent; bracts puberulent, oblong, 2-5 mm. long, inconspicuous, soon deciduous; flowers ultimately single or in clusters of 2-10, the pedicels slender, up to 1.5 mm. long; perianth carnose, 1.5-2.5 mm. long, 3-lobed nearly tV base, the lobes oblong, obtuse; androecium 1-2 mm. long, the filament column slender, 0.6-1.5 mm. long,

  • Discussion

    Myristica carinata Benth. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 5: 2. 1853.

    Myristica gracilis A. DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 4: 30. 1855.

    Myristica hypoleuca Spruce, Jour. Linn. Soc. 5: 4, nomen. 1860.

    Myristica pacimonensis Spruce; Warb. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 68: 218, as synonym of V. surinamensis. 1897.

    Virola carinata var. gracilis Warb. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 68: 223. 1897.

    Firola venosa var. Martii Warb. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 68: 226. 1897.

    Type locality: Near Manaos, Amazonas, Brazil

    Native name: Ucuttba branca (ex Capucho).

    As here interpreted, V. carinata includes some specimens referred by Warburg to V. surinamensis and some referred by Ducke (6) to V. surinamensis and V. venosa. The species has a subglobose and inconspicuously carinate fruit which at once distinguishes it, but in foliage it is not easy to separate from V. surinacnensis and V. Pavonis. The type collection of M. gracilis is somewhat more slender throughout than typical M. carinata but is hardly varietally different. Of Warburg's variety Martii I have seen only a photograph, which is undistinguishable from V. caiinata in foliage and has a thicker pericarp, the fruit being also essentially globose. It is unfortunate that some species in this section of the genus, namely V. surinanensis, V. Pavonis, and V. carinata, seem to be readily distinguished only on fruit characters. The first appears to have a distinct range near the coast, but the other two are easily confused. None of them should be confused, however, with V. venosa or V. Melinonii.

  • Distribution

    Amazonian Brazil and adjacent Venezuela.

    Venezuela South America| Brazil South America|