Triandrophyllum trifidum (Gottsche) Fulford & Hatcher

  • Authority

    Fulford, Margaret H. 1963. Manual of the leafy Hepaticae of Latin America--Part I. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 11: 1-172.

  • Family

    Herbertaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Triandrophyllum trifidum (Gottsche) Fulford & Hatcher

  • Description

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    Species Description - Plants of medium to large size, brown, sometimes reddish at the tips, erect or ascending, in tufts or mats; stems 4—8 cm long, with leaves to 3 mm wide, rarely branched, the branches ventral-intercalary, leafy or flagelliform; stem in transverse section with a unistratose cortical layer of slightly smaller, thick-walled cells. Rhizoids not seen. Leaves distant to approximate, widely spreading, asymmetric, ovate to ovate-truncate, 1-2 mm long, to 1.0 mm wide, the margins spinose-dentate, with few to many teeth (more on the ventral margin), bifid or trifid to one-half of their length; segments lanceolate, acute or blunt; leaf-cells near the base of the segments 30-40 X 24-28 µ, the walls uniformly thickened, the trigones small to indistinct, the cuticle verruculose to sometimes papillose. Underleaves scarcely smaller than the leaves, bifid or trifid, ap-pressed to widely spreading, the margins spinose-dentate below. Female inflorescence terminal on the stem or branch, without or with one or two subfloral, leafy or microphyllous innovations, the bracts and bracteoles like the leaves, slightly larger, with more teeth. Perianth with folds or keels above, divided to one-fourth of its length into six to nine segments with ciliate margins. Male inflorescence and sporophyte not seen. Fig. 2, a-f.

  • Discussion

    ? Sendtnera trífida Gottsche, Ann. Sei. Nat. V. 1: 142. 1864. Herberta dura Stephani, Hedwigia 34: 44. 1895. Mastigophora antárctica Stephani, Bihang Sv. Vet.-akad. Handl. III. 26s: 56. 1900. Isotachis appendiculata Stephani, Spec. Hep. 3: 659. 1909. Isotachis trífida (Gottsche) Stephani, Spec. Hep. 3: 670. 1909 [incorrectly cited as (Gottsche) Spruce]. Non I. trífida Stephani, Spec. Hep. 6: 356. 1922 [I. sprucei Beauverd, in Stephani, Spec. Hep. 6: 572. 1924]. Schisma dura (Stephani) Stephani, Spec. Hep. 4: 21. 1909. Mastigophora trífida (Gottsche) Stephani, Spec. Hep. 4: 37. 1909. Lepicolea boliviensis Stephani, Bibliot. Bot. 87: 228. f. 171 a-b. 1916. Triandrophyllum durum (Stephani) Fulford & Hatcher, Bryologist 61: 279. f. 21, 22. 1958 [1959]. Triandrophyllum antarcticum Fulford & Hatcher, Bryologist 61: 281. 1958 [1959], excluding specimens and synonyms. The additional reports in the literature include Herzog & Schwabe (1939), Kühnemann (1949), Reimers (1926), and Stephani (1900 a, b, 1901a, 1903a).

  • Distribution

    Habitat: On soil and over rocks in shaded areas along banks, and in open fields.

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