Endlicheria anomala (Nees) Mez

Authority

Chanderbali, Andre S. 2004. (Lauraceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 91: 1-141. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Lauraceae

Scientific Name

Endlicheria anomala (Nees) Mez

Type

Type. Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Amazonas, near Ega, Sep 1831 (fl [male]), Poeppig 2552 (lectotype, designated by Kostermans, 1937: W-n.v.; isolectotypes: B-n.v., BM-n.v., G-n.v., KIEL-n.v., LE-n.v., LZ-n.v., NY, OXF-n.v., P-n.v.).

Synonyms

Goeppertia polyantha Meisn., Ocotea simulans C.K.Allen, Goeppertia anomala Nees

Description

Species Description - Trees to 15 m or shrubs. Branchlets slender, midway along flush 2-3 mm diam., distally weakly angular, soon terete, densely pubescent, the surface concealed by the indument cover to barely visible, the hairs short, to 0.5 mm, straight, appressed, ascending, or erect, silvery-grey to rust-brown; terminal buds slender, 3 × 1 mm, densely pubescent, the hairs as on branchlets. Leaves alternate, widely and evenly spaced along current flush; petioles slender, to 1 × 0.2 cm, semi-terete, the indument as on branchlets; laminae chartaceous, plane, ovate, 8-17 × 2-4 cm, the base obtuse to rounded, briefly decurrent, the apex acute, acuminate for up to 2 cm, the margins minutely recurved throughout; upper surface dull greyish green to dark olive-brown, waxy, the midrib sunken, secondary and higher-order venation raised, their prominence decreasing with rank; lower surface densely sericeous or tomentose, the hairs appressed, ascending, or erect, uniformly distributed, all vein orders raised, their prominence decreasing with rank; secondary veins 4-6 per side, ± evenly spaced, slightly more distant around midlamina, ascending at 50-60° (more obtuse around midlamina), arcuate, distal pairs loop-connected; tertiaries roughly horizontal to oblique to midrib, between secondaries straight to forked. Staminate inflorescences evenly spaced along current flush in the axils of foliage leaves, to 10 cm long with 8 lateral branches, branch orders 3-4, the highest order dichasial, lax, the flowers distant, the axes sparsely rusty to grey-strigillose; bracts and bracteoles caducous by anthesis, lanceolate, the indument as on axes, denser; pedicels terete, to 3 mm long, those supporting secondary flowers slightly shorter. Flowers rotate, 5 mm diam., sparsely rusty strigillose outside; receptacle patelliform, 0.5 × 1 mm, densely rusty tomentose inside. Tepals chartaceous, obovate, 2 × 1 mm, spreading, the androecium exserted at anthesis, the outer surface sparsely rusty to grey-strigillose, the inner surface sparsely rusty to grey-strigillose near base, otherwise minutely papillose throughout, the margins papillose. Stamens of whorls I and II stipitate, 0.7 mm tall, the anthers transversely oblong to obovate, 0.3 × 0.4 mm, glabrous, the apex truncate, the connectives level with or broad above the 2 locelli, these suborbicular, the filaments laminar, narrower than anthers, slender, glabrous; whorl III stamens stipitate, ca. 1 mm tall, the anthers oblong, 0.5 × 0.3 mm, bowed towards the outer whorls, locelli 4, upper pair introrse-latrorse, lower pair extrorse-latrorse, the filaments narrower than anthers, laminar, glabrous, the basal glands sessile, globose; whorl IV wanting; pistillode fusiform. Pistillate inflorescence with indument and color as in staminate plants, but shorter and with fewer lateral branches, the flowers similar in size and shape; stamens sterile, smaller; ovary glabrous; style slender, distinct from ovary; stigma trilobed, 0.4 mm diam. Fruits borne on claviform pedicels of up to 1 × 0.5 cm; cupules scarcely broader, patelliform, to 0.6 cm diam., strigose inside, the margins lobed, tepal bases persisting; drupes ellipsoid, to 1.2 × 0.6 cm.

Discussion

Endlicheria anomala is the only species of the genus in which whorl III stamens are consistently provided with four-locellate anthers. The rotate flowers with an androecium in which all stamens have distinct filaments and whorl III stamens are closely grouped with their anthers extrorsely bowed, are also unmistakable. The claviform pedicels and shallow platelike cupules with persistent tepal bases resemble those of E. lorastemon but are much smaller in size.

Common Names

kö-ma-neé-nee-kö, chaviaco negro, pee-sheé, laurel bianco, laurel bianco de orilla del río, laurel de revalta, laurel del no, laurel fino, laurel rebalsero, laurel oriyera, laurelito, canela, isma moena, moena de bajo, muena blanca, sanango, yacu muena, louro canela, louro do igapó, louro flôr, louro tambaqui

Distribution

Small to medium-sized trees or shrubs frequent in inundated lowland forests (ca. 50-300 m) throughout the Amazon basin. Flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

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