Duguetia cauliflora R.E.Fr.

  • Authority

    Maas, Paulus J. M., et al. 2003. (Annonaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 88: 1-274 pp. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Annonaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Duguetia cauliflora R.E.Fr.

  • Type

    Type: Guyana. Rupununi River, Simuni Cr., alt. ca. 100 m, 29 Aug 1931 (fl), Forest Dep. Brit. Guiana 2158 = Davis 167 (holotype, K: 2 sheets, S: fragment).

  • Description

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    Species Description - Tree, 4-20 m tall, 10-30 cm in diam. (to 80 cm in Cid et al 780). Young twigs and petioles totally covered with greyish, entire scales 0.2-0.4 mm in diam. Petioles 3-10 mm long, 1-2 mm in diam. Lamina narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblong-ovate, 11-25 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, leaf index 3.1-4.3, chartaceous, pale greyish green above, pale brown to brown below, glabrous above, sparsely covered with stellate (the smaller ones) to entire scales (the larger ones) 0.3-0.6 mm in diam. below, base abruptly broadly cuneate, apex acuminate (acumen 5-20 mm long) or sometimes acute, primary vein impressed above, secondary veins curved, 10-14 on either side of primary vein, like the marginal vein strongly impressed above, angles with primary vein 60-85°, forming a marginal vein, smallest distance between marginal vein and margin 1.5-4.5 mm, tertiary veins raised above. Plant cauliflorous; inflorescences composed of a varying number of rhipidia with a total of up to ca. 100 flowers, one rhipidium producing several flowers in succession. Indument: pedicels, and outer side of bracts, sepals, and petals totally covered with stellate to entire scales 0.2-0.6 mm in diam., inner side of sepals and apical part of petals densely covered with whitish, crisped, stellate hairs to 0.4 mm long, middle and basal, inner part of petals glabrous. Sympodial rachis to 15 mm long, varying from condensed to rather lax, with internodes to 4 mm long, often with longer basal internodes to 10 mm. Pedicels to 25 mm long, to 2 mm in diam., fruiting pedicels to 30 mm long, to 5 mm in diam. Upper bract halfway the pedicel, broadly ovate, 5-7 mm long, caducous. Flower buds subglobose. Flowers creamy white to yellow in vivo, greyish-white in sicco. Sepals free, ovate-oblong, 12-20 mm long, 9-15 mm wide, obtuse. Petals subequal, ovate to obo-vate, 20-25 mm long, 8-15 mm wide, obtuse, inner base of inner petals callose, grooved, weakly so in outer petals. Stamens 1.2-2 mm long, pink, apex of connective discoid, umbonate, 0.3-0.6 x 0.6-0.9 mm, papillate. Carpels 2-2.5 mm long, ovary densely covered with greyish, stellate hairs, stigma subglabrous. Fruit green, maturing brown in vivo, globose, 5-7 cm in diam., basal collar composed of 12-15 connate, sterile carpels, 10-20 mm in diam., protruding below the fruit, fertile carpels 100-150, obovoid to obtrulloid, polygonal, 25-30 mm long, 7-12 mm in diam., fused for up to 10%, strongly 5-6-ribbed and in between the ribs strongly grooved, areoles trulloid, 10-12 mm high, acute, sharp-pointed, totally covered with a velutinous, brownish indument of stellate hairs to 0.1 mm in diam. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, 14 mm long, 5 mm in diam., obtuse to rounded, brown, shiny.

  • Discussion

    Bark is used for binding by Indians in Colombia (Schultes 12103).

    Duguetia cauliflora shares some features with D. stelechantha as, among others, the cauliflorous habit and the general appearance of the fruit. It differs from the latter, however, in the leaf venation (with distinct marginal vein) and in the smaller, greyish-white flowers (versus brownish in D. stelechantha). See, however, also remarks on D. cauliflora in the chapter on Internal Relationships (Fig. 37, cluster 4, also cluster 6).

  • Common Names

    Envira, Envireira, Envidra sururucu, Anoncillo, Carguera, Envira preta, Kujelli, Umu ijico, Yeweru(yuc), Mento, Gele bastjarijari, Araira, Tarukadek, Yara yara

  • Distribution

    Amazonian Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil, and in Guyana and Suriname. Mostly in non-inundated forest, rarely from flooded forest types. At elevations from sea level to 1000 m. Flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

    Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Vichada Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America|