Duguetia

Authority

Maas, Paulus J. M., et al. 2003. (Annonaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 88: 1-274 pp. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Annonaceae

Scientific Name

Duguetia A.St.-Hil.

Type

Type: D. lanceolata A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire. The genus is named in honor of the French abbot Jacob Joseph Duguet, author of  Ouvrage des six jours (1731).

Synonyms

Pachypodanthium Engl. & Diels, Geanthemum (R.E.Fr.) Saff., Alcmene Urb.

Description

Genus Description - Trees or shrubs. Leafy twigs terete, covered in varying degree with stellate hairs, scales, or both, often becoming glabrous with age. Lenticels wanting or more often scarce to numerous, usually small, but larger in few species, usually round and solitary (or rarely in vertical lines). Leaves distichous, simple, entire, shortly petiolate, estipulate. Lamina mostly medium-sized, generally elliptic to ovate, leaf index (length/width ratio) varying from 1.3-6, chartaceous or coriaceous, symmetric, or in few species asymmetric and slightly falcate, base acute, attenuate, or rounded, rarely cordate or very rarely amplexicaul, sometimes oblique, apex acuminate to acute, or rarely rounded or emarginate, glabrous or sparsely hairy above, covered in varying degree with stellate hairs and/or scales below, venation brochidodromous, primary vein impressed above (very rarely flat), secondary veins curved, sometimes straight, rarely recurved, 4-23 on either side of primary vein, forming indistinct to distinct loops, or rarely a marginal vein, intersecondary veins present, distinct or indistinct, or absent, tertiary veins reticulate or percurrent. Inflorescences mostly among leaves, or also on leafless branches, leaf-opposed, supra-axillary, sub-axillary, or rarely terminal, consisting of a single rhipidium, or also aggregates of 2-several rhipidia, or rhipidia branched, rarely plant cauliflorous or flagelliflorous. Rhipidia generally 1-3-flowered, but often continuing to develop a few more to occasionally quite numerous successive flowers on an elongating sympodial rachis. The inflorescence, including the outer side of bracts, sepals, and petals covered in varying degree with stellate hairs or scales, the inner side of sepals and petals often predominantly covered with stellate hairs. Peduncle generally short. Pedicels short to rather long and slender, with basal articulation, bibracteate. Lower bract below the articulation, the upper bract mostly in the lower part of the pedicel or about halfway, amplectent, often caducous. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, perianth with three trimerous whorls, exceptionally in spiral. Flower buds ovoid to broadly ovoid, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes prominently ribbed by the reduplicate-valvate sepals. Sepals three (very rarely four), valvate or reduplicate-valvate, free to connate in various degrees, sometimes with distinct and prominent venation, much smaller than the petals. Petals six (or exceptionally more), free, green, cream, white to red in vivo, the inner ones often reddish at the inner base, imbricate (very rarely valvate), both whorls mostly subequal, fleshy, veins usually not prominent, inner base of inner petals often callose or grooved. Torus depressed ovoid with a concave apex. Stamens indefinite in number, many, spirally arranged, often entirely red in vivo, filament very short, anthers extrorse to latrorse, apex of connective discoid, rarely umbonate, rarely strongly reduced, glabrous, papillose, or sometimes densely-covered with simple to stellate hairs. Carpels indefinite in number, few to mostly many, spirally arranged, free, ovary hairy to glabrous, one-celled with one basal ovule, stigma usually elongate, glabrous to hairy. Fruit apocarpous with tightly-appressed carpels or less often pseudosyncarpous (aggregate), globose, sometimes broadly ellipsoid to broadly ovoid, 1-15 cm in diam., (white), green, yellow, brown, orange, to red in vivo, rarely with a glaucous cover, wall 0.3-1.5 mm thick, woody-like when dry, pulp fleshy, composed of 5-600, sessile, free to rarely far-connate carpels, carpels at the base generally sterile, often connate into a collar, the collar protruding or not, fruit covered in varying degree with stellate hairs or scales, sometimes glabrous, fruiting receptacle ellipsoid to obovoid or narrowly so, areoles often pyramidal, smooth to grooved, often distinctly 5-6-ribbed, apex obtuse to acute, rarely rounded, often distinctly apiculate. Seed one per carpel, obovoid to ellipsoid, rarely globose, glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded, rarely acute to apiculate, with mostly distinct raphe, pale to dark brown, often shiny, rudimentary aril often present. Chromosome numbers: 2n = 16, 24, 32, 48.

Discussion

OTHER SYNONYMS: Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Duguetia R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 3. 1934 (“Eu-Duguetia”); R. E. Fries in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 55. 1959. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Megaerisma R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 58. 1934; R. E. Fries in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Type: D. bracteosa Martius, nom. illeg. (= D. bahiensis Maas). Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Heteropetalum R. E. Fríes, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 59. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Lectotype: D. argentea R. E. Fries, designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Dolichophyllum R. E. Fríes, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 62. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Lectotype: D. macrophylla R. E. Fries, designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Hadrantha R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 64. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Lectotype: Aberemoa hadrantha Diels (= Duguetia hadrantha (Diels) R. E. Fríes), designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Anonodes R. E. Fríes, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 67. 1934; R. E. Fries in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Type: D. rotundifolia R. E. Fries. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Sphaerantha R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 68. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 56. 1959. Lectotype: D. calycina Benoist, designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Calothrix R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 81. 1934; R. E. Fries in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 57. 1959. Lectotype: D. vallicola J. F. Macbride, designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Polyantha R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 86. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 57. 1959. Type: D. eximia Diels. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Synsepalantha R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 87. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 57. 1959. Lectotype: Aberemoa asterotricha Diels (= Duguetia asterotricha (Diels) R. E. Fries), designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Stenantha R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 89. 1934; R. E. Fríes in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 57. 1959. Lectotype: D. inconspicua Sagot, designated herewith. Duguetia A. F. C. P. de Saint-Hilaire Sect. Xylopipetalum R. E. Fries, Acta Horti Berg. 12(1): 286. 1937; R. E. Fries in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 17a II: 57. 1959. Type: D. stenantha R. E. Fries.

Distribution

Approximately 90 species in the Neotropics, from Central America (Nicaragua) to southeastern Brazil and northern Paraguay; not represented in the West Indies. Four species in tropical west Africa.

Africa|