Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis (Griseb.) W.H.G.Barrett & L.Golfari

• Authority

  Farjon, Aljos K. & Styles, Brian T. 1997. Pinus (Pinaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 75: 1-291. (Published by NYBG Press)

• Family

  Pinaceae

• Scientific Name

  Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis (Griseb.) W.H.G.Barrett & L.Golfari

• Type

  Type. Bahamas. New Providence, 20 Nov 1960, Golfari 77571 (neotype, designated by Barrett & Golfari, 1962, BAB).

• Synonyms

  Pinus bahamensis Griseb.

• Description

  
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  Variety Description - Tree, medium size, height to 20 m, dbh to 50 cm. Fascicle sheaths 15-20 mm long, reduced to ca. 10 cm at maturity; the scales imbricate, with erose-ciliate margins, dark red-brown turning grey-black. Leaves in fascicles of 3(-2), on Grand Bahama 2-3, spreading, straight, (slightly) twisted, rigid, (13-)15-26 cm X (1.2-) 1.4-1.8 mm, light or dark green, more or less lustrous. Stomata on all faces of leaves, in 8-11 lines on the convex abaxial face and 4-6 lines on each adaxial face. Seed cones (4-)5-10 (-12) X (3-)4-6(-7) cm when open. Seed scales ca. 120-170, more or less thin woody. Apophysis slightly raised or nearly flat on basal scales, rhombic to pentagonal in outline, ochraceous or light brown, lustrous. Umbo dorsal, flat or slightly raised. Seed wings more frequently articulate, also adnate. Cotyledons (4-)6-7(-9), 12-25 mm long. Seedlings with an elongated stem, primary leaves green, more or less ascending, soon replaced by secondary leaves.

• Discussion

  Distribution and Ecology: Bahamas: on Grand Bahama, Great Abaco, New Providence, and North and South Andros Islands in the north; on Great Inagua Island in the south. Also on the Turks-Caicos Islands. On flat, eroded limestone rock with pockets of sandy soil (pH =7), on sandy spits and old beaches, forming pure, open fire-climax stands, usually with scattered or dense undergrowth of shrubs (often Sabal palmetto); also invading open scrubland forming secondary forest. Altitudinal range 1-10 m. Annual precipitation decreases from ca. 1500 mm on Grand Bahama to ca. 1000 mm on Andros in the northern Bahamas, mean annual temperature is ca. 25°C and frost does not occur. Hurricanes are a recurring destructive factor.

  Phenology: Pollen dispersal occurs from January to March.

• Distribution

  Bahamas South America| South Andros Bahamas South America| Grand Bahama Bahamas South America|