Bactris ferruginea Burret

  • Authority

    Henderson, A. 2000. (Palmae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 79: 1-181. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Arecaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Bactris ferruginea Burret

  • Type

    Type. Brazil. Pernambuco: Tapera, 6 Mar 1931, B. Pickel 2502 (holotype, B).

  • Description

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    Species Description - Stems cespitose, rarely solitary, 2.5-10 m tall, 410 cm diam., spiny on internodes. Leaves 5-12; leaf spines somewhat clustered, black, brown or rarely yellowish, slightly flattened, to 6 cm long, dense on sheath, on lateral surfaces or in 3 longitudinal rows on petiole, fewer on rachis; sheath 25-31 cm long; ocrea not seen; petiole 20-88 cm long; rachis 1.1-2.4 m long; pinnae 25-54 per side, irregularly arranged, spreading in different planes, sigmoid; middle pinnae 35-76 × 2-8 cm. Inflorescences interfoliar; peduncle 8-33 cm long, recurved, not spiny; prophyll 25-28 cm long; peduncular bract 30-75 cm long, sparsely to moderately covered with brownish or yellowish spines to 1.5 cm long; rachis 25-43 cm long; rachillae 17-49, 8-29 cm long, at anthesis densely covered with moniliform trichomes; triads irregularly arranged among paired or solitary staminate flowers; staminate flowers 4-5 mm long; sepal lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long; petals 4-5 mm long; stamens 6; pistillode absent; pistillate flowers to 6 mm long; calyx cupular, 1 mm long; corolla tubular, 3-5 mm long; staminodes minute or absent; fruits 1.3-2 cm diam., depressed-globose, briefly rostrate, purple-black; mesocarp juicy; endocarp depressed-oblong, the pores displaced longitudinally; endocarp fibers numerous, with juice sacs attached; fruiting perianth with minute calyx and truncate corolla, without staminodial ring.

  • Discussion

    Bactris ferruginea is diagnosed by its 30-75 cm long peduncular bract that is sparsely to moderately covered with brownish or yellowish spines to 1.5 cm long. South of the Rio Jequitinonha in Bahia and in Espirito Santo, the leaf spines are yellowish (Noblick, 1991), and these plants were recognized as a distinct variety (var. xanthacantha, not validly published) by Noblick (1991). Boudet Fernandes (1995) stated that it is possible that Bactris ferruginea is conspecific with B. setosa, in which case Noblick’s variety could be an intermediate form.

  • Common Names

    brejaubinha-de-espinoamarelo, mané veio, mané velho, tucum

  • Objects

    Specimen - 00568146, L. R. Noblick 4729, Bactris ferruginea Burret, Arecaceae (36.0), Magnoliophyta; South America, Brazil, Bahia, Una Mun.

    Specimen - 00568144, L. R. Noblick 4751, Bactris ferruginea Burret, Arecaceae (36.0), Magnoliophyta; South America, Brazil, Bahia, Belmonte Mun.

  • Distribution

    Atlantic coastal forest of Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco) (Fig. 26B); lowland rain forest, gaps, or forest margins, on non-flooded soils, at 50-200 m elevation.

    Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Espirito Santo Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Pernambuco Brazil South America|