Campylopus richardii Brid.
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Authority
Frahm, Jan-Peter. 1991. Dicranaceae: Campylopodioideae, Paraleucobryoideae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 54: 1-238. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Dicranaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Guadeloupe, Parker s.n. (holotype, B).
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Synonyms
Campylopus atratus E.B.Bartram, Campylopus caracasanus (Müll.Hal.) Paris, Campylopus laevigatus Brid., Campylopus muelleri Lorentz, Thysanomitrion muelleri Hampe, Campylopus nigerrimus (Müll.Hal.) Paris, Campylopus puiggarii (Geh. & Hampe) Paris, Campylopus rigidus (Hornsch.) A.Jaeger, Campylopus steyermarkii E.B.Bartram, Pilopogon atratus (Broth.) Broth., Thysanomitrion caracasanum Müll.Hal., Dicranum laevigatum Müll.Hal., Thysanomitrion nigerrimum Müll.Hal., Thysanomitrion puiggarii Geh. & Hampe, Pilopogon puiggarii (Geh. & Hampe) Broth., Thysanomitrion rigidum Hornsch., Dicranum setaceo-rigidum Hampe, Thysanomitrion yunqueanum Müll.Hal.
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Description
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Species Description - Plants conspicuously blackish, only lighter at tips, to 10 cm high. Stems equally foliate, sterile plants with leaves erect spreading when wet or appressed when dry, fertile plants with comose perichaetia on appressed foliate stalks, tomentose below. Leaves lanceolate, ca. 7-8 mm long, ending in a hyaline denticulate hairpoint. Costa filling 1/3-1/2 of the leaf base, excurrent, in transverse section with a ventral and dorsal stereid band, ridged at back in the upper part, smooth below. Alar cells differentiated, inflated, reddish-brown. Basal laminal cells very incrassate and strongly pitted, rectangular, 3-6 × 10-35 µm, narrower at margins, often 1-2 rows of hyaline cells at the outermost margin. Upper laminal cells elongate oval, 3-4 × 10-35 µm, incrassate, slightly pitted. Setae aggregated, sinuose or curved, 7-8 mm long, dark brown. Capsule 1.5 mm long, symmetric, smooth or furrowed when empty, scabrous at base. Operculum shortly rostrate. Peristome teeth very narrow, hyaline, filiform, split nearly to the base. Calyptra ciliate at base.
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Discussion
Campylopus nigerrimus was described from two syntypes, the original material of which has been destroyed at B. Therefore a lectotypification is proposed here, choosing one of the syntypes and, additionally, H-BR as new location of the type material.
Specimens from Mt. Roraima described as C. atratus and additional collections matching the type of this species differ by extremely large plants with longer leaves and more strongly elongate upper laminal cells; they are interpreted as “giant” forms of C. richardii.The distribution on the Caribbean islands is relatively scattered and, surprisingly, C. richardii has not yet been found in Cuba or Haiti. Furthermore, all collections from these regions are sterile and thus it may be supposed that C. richardii has reached these islands by occasional long distance dispersal of unisexual spores, which did not allow for sexual reproduction due to the lack of the other sex.Distribution and Ecology: On seasonal wet rocks and cliffs and wet gravelly soil, from 900 to 3700 m through the Neotropics in Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Lesser Antilles, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. The records from Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands must be referred to C. clavatus.
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Objects
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Distribution
Mexico North America| Costa Rica South America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| San José Costa Rica Central America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| Jamaica South America| Martinique South America| Guadeloupe South America| Dominica South America| Dominican Republic South America| San Juan Dominican Republic South America| Puerto Rico South America| Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Caquetá Colombia South America| Cundinamarca Colombia South America| Meta Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Táchira Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Ecuador South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Loja Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America|