Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.

  • Authority

    Landrum, Leslie R. 1986. Campomanesia, Pimenta, Blepharocalyx, Legrandia, Acca, Myrrhinium, and Luma (Myrtaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 45: 1-178. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Myrtaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Campomanesia guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk.

  • Type

    Type. Brazil.  Ad Ypanema prov. Sancti-Pauli, Martius s.n. (holotype, M; F neg. 19734 of holotype at NY).

  • Synonyms

    Psidium guaviroba DC., Psidium punctulatum DC., Psidium cerasoides Cambess., Campomanesia cerasoides (Cambess.) Mattos, Abbevillea cerasoides O.Berg, Abbevillea guaviroba O.Berg, Abbevillea punctulata O.Berg, Abbevillea sellowiana O.Berg, Abbevillea maschalantha O.Berg, Abbevillea maschalantha var. ovata O.Berg, Abbevillea maschalantha var. recurvata O.Berg, Abbevillea maschalantha O.Berg, Abbevillea fenzliana O.Berg, Abbevillea fenzliana var. longipes O.Berg, Abbevillea fenzliana var. obversa O.Berg, Abbevillea fenzliana var. intermedia O.Berg, Abbevillea fenzliana var. brevipes O.Berg, Abbevillea klotzschiana O.Berg, Abbevillea klotzschiana var. laurifolia O.Berg, Abbevillea klotzschiana O.Berg, Abbevillea klotzschiana var. intermedia O.Berg, Campomanesia stictopetala Kiaersk., Campomanesia guaviroba var. itatiaeiae D.Legrand, Campomanesia guaviroba var. insulae D.Legrand

  • Description

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    Species Description - Small tree up to ca. 12 m high; hairs minute, yellowish-grey, brownish-grey, or reddish-brown, the majority less than 0.3 mm long, those in the axils of the lateral veins occasionally ca. 0.5 mm long; young twigs light reddish-brown or yellowish-brown, glabrous to puberulent, inconspicuously glandular, becoming smooth, grey or tan. Leaves mainly elliptic, less often ovate, lanceolate, suborbicular, or ovate, 4-13 cm long, 1.7-8 cm wide, 1.4-3 times as long as wide, subglabrous to minutely puberulent along the veins above and below, sometimes bearing tufts of hairs in the axils of the veins below, inconspicuously glandular below; apex acute or bluntly or sharply acuminate; base acute or acuminate, less often rounded; petiole channeled or involute, 4-17 mm long, 0.5-2 mm thick, densely puberulent to glabrous; midvein usually impressed slightly above, prominent below; lateral veins about flat or impressed slightly above, prominent below, ca. 5-7 pairs, leaving the midvein at an angle of ca. 45 degrees, the venation brochidodromous; blades coriaceous to submembranous, drying reddish-brown to grey-green, usually somewhat lighter below than above, the margin entire or slightly repand. Peduncle densely to sparsely puberulent, 3-25 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm thick, mainly arising in the axils of leaves (these somewhat reduced in size) or less often at leafless nodes; bracteoles linear, ca. 4 mm long, deciduous before anthesis; Calyx-lobes broadly triangular or rounded, 1.5-3 mm long, 2.5-6 mm wide, ca. 0.4-0.9 times as long as wide, sometimes with a warty longitudinal ridge without, densely puberulent within and without; petals suborbicular, 5-9 mm in diam., densely glandular, usually sparsely puberulent without; hypanthium 4-6 mm long, campanulate, densely puberulent, the surface usually velvety; disk ca. 6-10 mm in diam., densely puberulent, the hairs sometimes longer than on other parts of the flower; stamens ca. 250-500, ca. 3-9 mm long; anthers 0.5-1 mm long; style 35 mm long, sparsely puberulent proximally to glabrous; ovary 7-14-locular; ovules 13-20 per locule. Fruit yellow or orangish, ca. 1-3.5 cm in diam. Seeds, including the locular wall, 4-7 mm long, 1-4 developing in fruits seen.

  • Discussion

    Campomanesia guaviroba is a widespread species, and rather variable with respect to the size of the flowers and leaves. The plants tend to be more robust near the coast. It is distinguished from most other species of Campomanesia by Calyx-lobes that are broadly triangular or rounded and wider than long. Campomanesia eugenioides has similar Calyx-lobes, but its flowers are smaller and the leaves never bear tufts of hairs in the axils of the main lateral veins as they often do in C. guaviroba. Campomanesia guaviroba has the velvety pubescent hypanthia and rather large flowers that link it to other species of the grandiflora complex. See Key D.

    A specimen at C (Petersen & Hjerting s.n., 25 Oct 1948), collected in Quebrada del Diablo, Departamento de Orán, in the province of Salta in northwestern Argentina, far out of the known range of Campomanesia guaviroba, is apparently assignable to that species. It is incomplete, with only the lower half of one fruit, which has ca. 14 locules and is covered with velvety hairs. There are tufts of hairs in the axils of the lateral veins on the lower surface of the leaves. This all indicates C. guaviroba, but Calyx-lobes are needed for positive identification. The nearest known populations of any species of Campomanesia are in Bolivia and northeastern Argentina. If the Salta plant is a known species of Campomanesia it will mean an interesting range extension. If it is an unknown species, it will be even more important. Botanists are urged to search for this little known population of Campomanesia.

    I have tasted fruits of Campomanesia guaviroba and they were not pleasant tasting as they normally are in other species. It would be interesting to know if this is always true.

  • Distribution

    A small tree in forests in eastern Brazil from Espírito Santo S to Rio Grande do Sul; Misiones, Argentina; and Paraguay.

    Brazil South America| Espirito Santo Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| Santa Catarina Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America| Paraguay South America| Argentina South America|