Manilkara salzmannii (A.DC.) H.J.Lam
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Authority
Pennington, Terence D. 1990. Sapotaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 52: 1-750. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Sapotaceae
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Scientific Name
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Synonyms
Mimusops salzmannii var. mucronulata A.DC., Mimusops salzmannii A.DC.
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Description
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Species Description - Small to large tree; young branches pale greyish, finely appressed puberulous at first, soon glabrous, becoming rough and scaly, often lenticellate. Stipules minute or absent. Leaves 4-13 × 2-5.7 cm, usually oblanceolate or cuneiform, less frequently elliptic, apex usually rounded, often emarginate, less frequently obtuse, base narrowly attenuate or acute, glabrous or with scattered minute appressed hairs on the lower surface; coriaceous; midrib sunken or raised but recessed on the upper surface; secondary veins 10-16 pairs, venation usually impressed on the upper surface, quaternary venation finely areolate, numerous fine striations parallel to the secondary vein usually present on the upper surface. Petiole 0.5-2.1 cm long, channelled, glabrous. Flowers (2-)3-10 in a fascicle. Pedicel 0.7-1.5(-3.3) cm long, sparsely appressed puberulous. Sepals 4-5 mm long, lanceolate, apex acute, appressed puberulous outside, subglabrous inside. Corolla glabrous, 3.5-4.5 mm long, tube 0.75-1.25 mm long; lobes six, divided to base into three segments, median segment narrowly boat-shaped with rounded apex and clawed base, lateral segments equalling the median lobe, narrowly lanceolate or oblong, apex acute to rounded. Stamens six, glabrous; filaments 1.5-2 mm long, free or slightly fused with the staminodes; anthers 1-1.5 mm long, lanceolate. Staminodes six, glabrous, 1.6-2.5 mm long, deeply 2-lobed. Ovary ovoid, (7-)8-10-locular, glabrous; style 3.5-4.5 mm long after anthesis. Fruit 2-2.5 × 1.7-2.5 cm, ellipsoid or globose, apex and base obtuse or rounded, smooth, glabrous. Seeds 1-2, 1.3-1.5 × 0.8-0.9 × 0.5-0.6 cm, laterally compressed; testa hard, smooth, shining, brown, 0.75-1.5 mm thick; scar basi-ventral, rather broad, ca. 8 × 4 mm, lanceolate. Field characters. Coastal and cerrado plants are usually small trees less than 10 m high, but inland (in Bahía and Maranhão) in lowland rain forest they attain heights up to 30 m or more. The bark is fissured and the slash contains plentiful white viscous latex. The flowers are sometimes scented, and whitish or cream in color. The fruit matures through reddish-orange to purple or black. Most flowering occurs from Jul to Oct, and mature fruits have been collected in Apr, Oct and Dec.
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Discussion
The fruit is edible and the timber is used locally for construction.
Distribution and Ecology: Brazil, along the coastal belt from Para and Maranhão to Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. Ducke (1957: 653) also cites Paraiba, but I have seen no material from this state. A plant of maritime habitat (restinga), mangrove, sandy and rocky shores, sometimes in secondary vegetation. Inland (Bahía and Maranhão) it occurs in lowland rain forest, secondary forest and cerrado. Altitudinal range sea level to 200 m.
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Common Names
massaranduba, massaranduba de fruta vermelha, massaranduba mirim, massaranduba preta, massaranduba verdadera
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Objects
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Distribution
Brazil South America| Alagoas Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Espirito Santo Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Pernambuco Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America|